🇯🇵Japanese Source WordCode: JA

苦闘

Pronunciation / Transliteration: kutō

🇬🇧 Direct English Meaning:
Struggle/ˈstrʌɡ.əl/
nounverbCEFR B2 (Upper)Top #950 frequency
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🇯🇵 Example Sentence in Japanese:

"彼は病気との苦闘を乗り越えた。"

Comprehensive Definitions & Senses

2 senses
As noun
  1. 1

    A energetic and hard-fought effort to overcome a difficulty or achieve a goal under adverse conditions.

    "Learning a new language can be a long daily struggle, but the results are worth it."
As verb
  1. 1

    To engage in heavy physical or mental exertion, or to move with great difficulty against resistance.

    "She struggled to lift the heavy box up the flight of stairs."

Thesaurus & Semantic Spectrum

Antonyms & Contrasting Words (1)

Linguistic Origin & Historical Etymology

The word originated in the late 16th century, likely as a frequentative form of Middle English words related to striking or wrestling, such as 'strok' or 'strick'. Its semantic evolution has consistently centered around physical exertion, but over centuries it broadened significantly to encompass any strenuous emotional, psychological, or socio-political conflict.

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